Preliminary Study of Characterization of Nanoparticles from Coconut Shell as Filler Agent in Composites Materials

Rudi Dungani, Aminudin Sulaeman, Nazrul Islam, HPS Abdul Khalil, Ihak Sumardi, Dede Hermawan, Anne Hadiyane

Abstract


Agricultural wastes which include shell of coconut dry fruits (CS) can be used to prepare filler in polymer composite for commercial use. The raw CS was converted into nanoparticle in 4 steps, namely, grinding, refining, sieving and high energy ball mill. The CSNs was extracted by n-hexane for oil removal process. The presence of the oil was studied by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) to identify the existence of the oil within the nanoparticle. The decomposition temperature of the nanoparticle was studied by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The nanoparticle size obtained from TEM, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis and particle size analyzer was found to be 10-30 nm, 21.61- 44.46 nm and 50.75-91.28 nm (with nano size distribution intensity of 75.30%) respectively. The nanoparticle CS exhibits lower degree of crystallinity, or higher of amorphous area. The nanoparticle CS shape and surface was found to be smaller with angular, irregular and crushed shapes after been ball milling process.

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References


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MAYFEB Journal of Materials Science
MAYFEB TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
ISSN 2371-8722